1783-1820

1783-1820 http://www.xtranormal.com/watch/13044995/jefferson-vs-hamilton


 * Timeline **
 * 1) **  Treaty of Paris, 1783 (Johanna Taylor)  **
 * ** 5 things that impacted Development  **
 * ** American Revolution led a political movement in which the 13 colonies joined together to break free from British Empire, which lead to the war for independence which in turn lead to the treaty of Paris.  **
 * ** The Continental Congress proved to be influential to the Treaty of Paris for it was the first time the colonies joined together in the name of defeating the British.  **
 * ** The Sugar Act, Stamp Act, and Quartering Act all lead to the colonists uprising and joining together to defeat the British.  **
 * ** The Revolutionary War was the war fought for American independence which was achieved with the Treaty of Paris  **
 * ** The Declaration of Independence announced that the 13 colonies were at war with Great Briton and stated that they were independent of the British rule. this same ideology was the bases for the Treaty of Paris.  **


 * ** Facts:  **
 * ** The Treaty of Paris signed on September 3, 1783 ended the American Revolutionary war between Great Britain and gained independence for America.  **
 * ** established boundaries between North America and Britain.  **


 * ** Importance:  **
 * ** established American independence, and granted many new rights to the new country.  **
 * 1) **  Northwest Ordinance, 1787 (Hunter Gowdy)  **
 * ** 5 Things that Impacted Development  **
 * ** Seven Years War - introduced land west of the Appalachians to the colonist  **
 * ** Treaty of Paris, 1763 - gave control of the land east of the Mississippi to the British  **
 * ** Treaty of Paris, 1783 - gave control of the land gained by the British in the Treaty of Paris, 1763 to the United States  **
 * ** Land Ordinance of 1784 - established the example that would become the basis for the Northwest Ordinance three years later  **
 * ** Articles of Confederation - early plans were proposed at Article of Confederation debates  **
 * ** Facts  **
 * ** Encouraged the settlement and development of the Ohio River Valley and tried to set a basis for the process of admitting new states  **
 * ** The document prohibited slavery from being incorporated into the Ohio River Valley region, setting the stage for the Missouri Compromise  **
 * ** Importance  **
 * ** Attempted to set a precedent for how new states would be admitted and how the Ohio River Valley would be slave free  **


 * 1) **  US Constitution, 1789 (Matt)  **
 * ** 5 Things that impacted development  **
 * ** Articles of Confederation  **
 * ** Separation of Powers  **
 * ** Compromises  **
 * ** Declaration of Independence  **
 * ** Slavery  **
 * ** Support  **
 * ** Set up US government that is still in effect 223 years later  **
 * ** Involved many influential “founding fathers” including Alexander Hamilton, Benjamin Franklin, James Madison, and George Washington  **
 * ** The United States Constitution laid out our federal government, and, while not flawless, it is still our government's defining document  **


 * 4. Bill of Rights, 1791(Peyton Youmans) [[image:https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/SYXkcSaI7f0apVRMPI81nX04mmesa99Gf-L66XqjzbZJNEcewCVZf0HW5uuWu-Jg7Kp2Vn8WRdBi0WkxIKzqnJFrAycgG8Wt9kL5Mw_e4R2XDOMxcBM width="176px;" height="148px;"]] **


 * ** 5 Things that impacted development  **
 * ** In general, former abuses on the colonists by the British led to a desire for citizen protection.  **
 * ** The Quartering Act led in part to the Bill of rights as seen in the third amendment.  **
 * ** The adoption of a Constitution that was stronger than the AOC called for greater protection from abuses by the government as well.  **
 * ** Some states agreed to the Constitution only with the stipulation that a Bill of Rights later be added  **
 * ** Zenger trial led to the doctrine of freedom of the press in the colonies and was incorporated into the first amendment of the Bill of Rights.  **


 * ** Facts:  **
 * ** First ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution.  **
 * ** When it was proposed to the state legislatures on September 25, 1789, it was actually proposed as twelve amendments and only numbers three through twelve were adopted.  **


 * ** Influence: Set the stage for the expansion of individual rights for Americans. The Bill of Rights also added another section of the Constitution that would be subject to more scrutiny and interpretation.  **


 * 5. Cotton Gin, 1794 (Caroline Winesette) [[image:https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/V6RCEvZ07zQ7eBSXzeU_-kHmNTjkB9lazvcr0Aau5Ypf9z4QFotkvHZL3dBZNnYNWaPXFn9Tk-ha1wXh9_6BRHE9ilmQbfh1MOm6pI0kZTkMnWQOmUk width="162px;" height="139px;"]] **
 * ** Influenced Development  **
 * ** Took hundreds of man-hours to separate the cottonseed from the raw cotton fibers  **
 * ** revolutionized the cotton industry  **
 * ** during the American Industrial Revolution  **
 * ** seed-removing devices have been around for centuries  **
 * ** Improved from a single- roller to a double-roller machine  **
 * ** Importance  **
 * ** Increased slavery in the South  **
 * ** Became a major cash crop, known as “King Cotton”  **
 * ** Produced greater availability and cheaper cloth  **
 * ** Facts  **
 * ** generate up to fifty pounds of cleaned cotton per day  **
 * ** patent on March 14th, 1794  **
 * ** did not make much profit off of his invention because it was copied after its release  **


 * 6. Alien & Sedition Acts, 1798 (Hunter Gowdy) **
 * ** 5 Things that Impacted Development  **
 * ** French Revolution - the turmoil in France leaked over into the United States leading to paranoia of something similar happening  **
 * ** Election of John Adams - John Adams signed the acts into law  **
 * ** Fifth United States Congress - drafted and passed the bill for signing  **
 * ** Support of France - Democratic-Republican support of the French resulted in fear that they would overthrow the government  **
 * ** Federalist Take Over - the Federalist had gained power and supported a larger national government  **
 * ** Facts  **
 * ** Meant to guard against the threat of anarchy and was a set of four different law, one of which made it illegal to speak against the government  **
 * ** They were an example of the power of the new national government and raised the question whether or not the government was going to stay within its confines  **
 * ** Importance  **
 * ** Was one of the first examples of the national government using it’s power, but it raised the issue of whether or not the government would follow its own constitution and later led to the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions.  **


 * 7. Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions, 1798 (Caroline Winesette) [[image:https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/GzShHSgBiqUaxDaonVUh3w_zYMVuQjiVnf64gSU0CHrZHwNtk3h8XKicAr9wzr6UwgsBI8dLrW8CIMM2D6khL9ayc1ri2EnfmRGuFR6qTVL2oIkurmQ width="153px;" height="147px;"]] **


 * Importance **
 * ** in favor of rights reserved to states and strict constructionism  **
 * ** argued that Constitution was an “agreement” among states  **
 * ** states could decide the constitutionality of laws passed by Congress.  **
 * ** when the states determine that a law is unconstitutional, nullification by the states is allowed  **
 * ** Facts  **
 * ** Written by James Madison and Thomas Jefferson  **
 * ** no other states supported the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions at the time  **


 * Influenced Development **
 * ** Alien and Sedition Acts passed by Congress  **
 * ** Constitution stating states’ rights  **
 * ** Alien and Sedition Act was thought to be a direct violation of the Constitution’s First Amendment  **


 * 8. Jeffersonian Revolution, 1800 (Peyton Youmans) [[image:https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/rk82L0_pZxL7EGMlzDUBDXHO1YVEN9jbexanYjKm8OodmjD0s7A-b7TFBD0FgG3KZYXHy5i08Se4duJtCRpkzFyzwKwILAL1Y20WEm1CG8eMm67acM4 width="286px;" height="186px;"]] **


 * ** 5 Things that impacted development  **
 * ** The resignation of George Washington after his second term essentially led to partisan politics almost immediately.  **
 * ** The formation of two parties based around the opposing ideas on the role of government.  **
 * ** Jefferson is elected as Vice president in the 1796 election.  **
 * ** Adams became increasingly unpopular during his four years in office starting in 1796(especially due to the alien and sedition acts)  **
 * ** Presidential campaigning that consisted of writing letters and articles.  **


 * ** Facts:  **
 * ** The 1800 election was the first time candidates campaigned  **
 * ** The first tie in the Electoral College: the constitution did not distinguish between electoral votes for president or vice president, so Aaron Burr and Thomas Jefferson both won 73 electoral votes, thus revealing an issue within the Electoral College.  **
 * ** It was also significant because it was a peaceful transfer of power from the Federalists to the Democratic Republicans.  **


 * Influence: This election led to the twelfth amendment which revised the function of the Electoral College. This event also led to the famous duel in Weehawken, New Jersey on July 11, 1804 between Aaron Burr and Alexander Hamilton after a continued feud resulting from Hamilton’s support of Jefferson in the House election after the tie vote. Hamilton was shot and died the next day. Most importantly this event set the precedent for how political power was to be transferred in the United States. **


 * 9. Louisiana Purchase, 1803 (Matt) [[image:https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/OZPjakL2dtmV-_lNNGs9Uu6aJUkd4_XOgSirAU8pxCv02zMSqcXm_AgcBPUveQm_ckYxMgGQXUPPlIWSiy4mJz3wK1bVTLBuK7nbLlUVR2x-NQNAfII width="203px;" height="147px;"]] **
 * ** 5 Things that Influenced Development  **
 * ** Strict vs loose interpretation of the Constitution  **
 * ** expansion of French Power under Napoleon  **
 * ** Negotiation by Monroe  **
 * ** Pinckney’s treaty  **
 * ** Jay’s Treaty  **
 * ** Support  **
 * ** Added over 800,000 square miles to US  **
 * ** Contrasted with Jefferson’s strict interpretation of the Constitution  **
 * ** Created conflict between parties  **
 * ** US became closer to the French  **
 * ** The Louisiana purchase nearly doubled the size of the United States, adding over 800,000 square miles. It also created a great deal of domestic conflict, as Jefferson was seen as hypocritical for doing something not constitutional.  **


 * 10. War of 1812 (Johanna Taylor) **
 * ** 5 Reasons for development  **
 * ** British trade restrictions on the colonies called for a level off resentment and rebellion within the colonies.  **
 * ** The Impressment of American merchant sailors into the Royal Navy once again called for a level of resentment and rebellion within the colonies.  **
 * ** The British support of American Indian tribes against American western expansion exasperated the colonists and encouraged them to rebel.  **
 * ** The Embargo Act resulted though an attempt at “peaceful coercion” resulted in a disaster for American merchants.  **
 * ** The presence of war hawks into office  **
 * ** Facts:  **
 * ** Military conflict between America and the British Empire  **
 * ** Resulted in the British discontinuing the impressment of American sailors  **
 * ** Americans regained honor  **
 * ** called the “second war of Independence”  **
 * ** Importance:  **
 * ** U.S gained international respect  **
 * ** Increased nationalism  **
 * ** Demise of Federalist party  **


 * People **
 * 1) **  Thomas Jefferson (Matt) [[image:https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/LWnQ4JJ4dyjPZXNIAzNTEBT7rz_-9zEO2DJsOzmU1IVEUKrF3bSTD1SQhN8U2eUdTQH8NPdgtHUPLUvSaohW6HVAfTJgGtaQ2mPmh7zAYMCtEYcekDo width="144px;" height="142px;"]] **
 * ** Thomas Jefferson, third president of the US, was an influential political figure in American History due to his influence on the democratic republican party in its conflict with federalists, especially Hamilton  **
 * ** Facts  **
 * ** 3rd president of the US  **
 * ** Leader of Democratic- Republican Party  **
 * ** Louisiana Purchase, nearly doubled the size of US  **
 * 1) **  George Washington (Johanna Taylor)  **
 * ** George Washington, was an influential for he was the 1st president of the U.S from 1781 to 1797, and he was the commander in chief of the continental army from 1775 to 1783 in which he lead the Americans through the Revolutionary War.  **
 * 1) **  John Adams (Hunter Gowdy)  **


 * ** John Adams was one of the founding fathers of this country and was a strong advocate for our independence during the revolution. He was the second president of the United States and during his time in office he kept us from going to war with the French. He was an important federalist and also he made two very influential decisions when he suggested that George Washington be our General and when he appointed John Marshall to the Supreme court. Without him the US might not be what it is today.  **
 * 1) **  James Madison (Caroline Winesette) [[image:https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/qy_wyge-eMoELXJZTqxBEG5BYnvvbOy-1qq47FezgNmVTxW2khDA40DBHn-JKr1WhSiay2TtEoPjqyGfces6pM2yWJ5HBZG1pcHUNfmhPc0Fyg_lYd0 width="136px;" height="147px;"]] **
 * ** James Madison, also known as the “ Father of the Constitution”,was the fourth President . He was instrumental in the writing of the US Constitution and was the author of the Bill of Rights. He served as President from 1809-1817. He was born and died in the Virginia Colony.  **
 * 1) **  Benjamin Franklin (Johanna Taylor)  **


 * [] [[image:https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/wb9zcyx0Sc_WfPfjxnFt2DDdcab8AMth_SkL90A-joCTjxirFxODWhG_NKE87-U_ZXjYX7zjTXOdoaAMoEFrzWXUaQp8x0QGKGqFEKE2lqu-Qjnazrs width="232px;" height="261px;"]] **
 * ** Benjamin Franklin was one of the founding fathers of the United States. He was a noted author, printer, political theorist, politician, postmaster, scientist, musician, inventor, satirist, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat. As a scientist, he was a major figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity.  **
 * 1) **  Lewis and Clark (Caroline Winesette) [[image:https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/UYIEeidXQ7DCQmAfmdMJzSQ4si7NKZgbP7jaYQk233sdyuP77E6BeGNAoknkg7GjcdJ3cPsCavnOAebwaRC0b58bCXGgchrZRZMaFgcts397ybR41aQ width="192px;" height="115px;"]] **
 * ** Set out in May of 1804 by President Thomas Jefferson to explore the West.They were accompanied by a crew of men and Sacajawea. They travelled from Missouri to Oregon in 2 years, 4 months and 10 days covering 8,000 miles.  **
 * 1) **  John Marshall (Hunter Gowdy)  **
 * ** Was a Chief Justice of the Supreme Court whose decisions helped to lay the basis for the American legal system. He established judicial review in his decision the case of Marbury v. Madison. This decision now created a legitimate judicial branch who was equal to the other two branches. He is the longest standing Chief Justice and his decisions and actions helped to form the American legal system and make it what it is today.  **


 * 8. Eli Whitney [[image:https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/iCjkD2GYLCv7A3yi8i94ewfOHEJdZl83MGD7dQLFQEwMq5S4mvApcukKnlxEDmuTjjyoafeFSPwGGG2j5zd6mFeO8DtkFZgHcVpdnKNXhqw1CDtlAao width="270px;" height="322px;"]] **


 * Importance and Significance: As the creator of the cotton gin, Eli Whitney was an inventor who helped define the course of cotton agriculture and the expansion of slavery in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. As a pioneer in the mass production of cotton, Eli Whitney greatly influenced the course of American history and the increase of slave labor. **


 * Facts relating to importance: Eli Whitney (December 8, 1765-January 8, 1825) invented the cotton gin which automated the process of seed separation and in turn revolutionized the cotton growing industry. When used at optimal efficiency, the cotton gin could turnout fifty pounds of seed-free cotton every day which eliminated hours of labor and greatly enhanced the cotton refinement process. Due to litigation failures, Eli Whitney did not make much profit from his invention due to the production of imitations. He made the bulk of his profits from inventions which improved the musket. **


 * 9. Andrew Jackson [[image:https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/DdHKKIC60iNvtNqXbhC_VbXlyjDgPvNQ-asx6q2dJTmi-GSvyfW6XpjmkMGZmMSNhN61WV51HOiZCPhjImK7r_QWf6kY4KN89tXXSwqKeay4nxFNYfM width="235px;" height="284px;"]] **
 * Importance and Significance: Andrew Jackson was a Major General in the War of 1812 where he is most notably remembered as the victorious General in the Battle of New Orleans. Although this battle turned out to be only a moral victory rather than a major turning point, it did solidify Jackson’s image as a major American war hero. **


 * Facts relating to importance: Andrew Jackson (1767-1845) in addition to serving as a Major General in the War of 1812 also served in the United States House of Representatives (1796-97), the United States Senate (1797), and on the Tennessee Supreme Court (1798-1804). His victory in the Battle of New Orleans secured his political future and national reputation. Jackson also led many successful raids against various Native American tribes. One notable instance occurred when Jackson led a raid against the Creek Indians which resulted in the Treaty of Fort Jackson (signed August 10, 1814) which demanded twenty-three million acres of land from the Indians. **


 * 10. Alexander Hamilton (Matt) [[image:https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/J1he7ew4f4wWV1FxlxV-_ip9E70kr10f5i2fgdE3ZReuMwZ1zpvxrxXsjjTLnhYs-pF5KLNeD8tmuRxyXWFh-5jEyv1ncjazr5GjMJOrjkFc3uki6oo width="148px;" height="140px;"]] **
 * ** Alexander Hamilton was very influential in his influence in early US history because of his influence on the Federalist Party. His political ideology lined up exactly with that of his party, evidenced by his proposed economic system which included the creation of a national bank, which is not a power given to the government by the Constitution.  **
 * ** Facts  **
 * ** Ideological leader of Federalist Party  **
 * ** Helped write Federalist Papers and draft the Constitution  **
 * ** As Secretary of the Treasury, established the nation’s first federal bank  **


 * Works Cited **
 * [] - Wikipedia, delegates of Constitutional Convention **
 * [] [|- About.com, information about the election of 1800] **
 * [] [|- Sparknotes, information about Andrew Jackson] **
 * [] [|- Constitutionfacts, Bill of Rights information] **
 * [] [|-About.com, information about Eli Whitney] **
 * [] [|-Shmoop.com, information about Andrew J] ackson **
 * [] EHistory.com, Facts about the Cotton Gin **
 * [] ISIL.org, The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions **
 * [] Whitehouse.gov, information about James Madison **
 * [] Alien and Sedition Acts Information **
 * [] Northwest Ordinance Information **
 * [] John Marshall Information **
 * [|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_] [|Adams] John Adams Information **